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What is the best motor to use as both a motor and a generator as needed?
I'm looking for a project motor that can be used without modification as a DC Motor when power is applied, and as a generator when the rotor is spun. I understand there will need to be a controller involved. also, in my research I am finding that I need to specify that this motor should be capable of spinning up to 10k rpm.
The type of DC motor that is easiest to use either as a motor or as a generator is a permanent magnet motor with brushes. A brushless DC motor also has permanent magnets and would work as a motor or generator, but the controller would need to be more complicated.
A series (universal) motor would only work as a generator if it retains enough residual magnitude to get started as a generator. In addition, it would require the field connection to be reversed when going from motor to generator operation.
If you need to use a motor that does not have permanent magnets, it would be best to energize the motor's field with a Power Supply that does not need power from the motor.